How Amperis works — every primitive auditable.
Four primitives. One ledger. The borrower’s meter is the lender’s invoice. Vault custody runs on RWA rails; Amperis contributes the calibrated underwriting, IoT M&V, and reproducible audit trail.
Four primitives. One auditable vault.
Vault custody and settlement run on the underlying RWA protocol (Centrifuge / Huma). Amperis contributes the four layers above: calibrated underwriting, on-the-meter verification, share-of-savings tokenization, and tranched pool composition.
Share-of-savings tokens
Each project mints a token backed by measurable energy savings. Distributions accrue per-token; claims are pro-rata across the senior and junior tranches.
PINN underwriting
Physics-informed neural network produces a calibrated P5 / P50 / P95 distribution per ECM, with a 90% conformal prediction interval. Loans are sized to the P5 floor — not the optimistic P50.
Verified at the meter
Baselines attested by licensed auditors (KISEM, IPMVP Option B). After commissioning, on-site IoT meters stream signed kWh deltas every 30s; the indexer reconciles realized savings against the forecast and flags any covenant breach.
Composable pools
Diversify across a basket of underlying MSME projects with one token. Senior and junior tranches; junior absorbs first-loss before senior is touched.
From deposit to repayment in one continuous ledger.
No re-keying. No reconciliation. The borrower's meter is the lender's invoice.
As the auditor enters measurements across the 30-day window, the 90% prediction interval contracts around realized kWh.
Day 1: the prediction interval is wide.
Day 30: it's tightened around realized kWh.
The P5 floor is the calibration, not the headline.
Deposit USDC into a project or pool.
Vault routes to underwritten MSMEs.
Equipment ships. Audit baseline captures.
Telemetry streams kWh deltas every 30s.
Cashflow repays in USDC.
Claim or compose.
Where this sits in BEE's financing taxonomy.
The Bureau of Energy Efficiency's UNNATEE strategy report ranks 26 EE-financing instruments for the Indian market. Amperis composes three of them — and tokenizes the fifth-ranked instrument so the share-of-savings claim is liquid on-chain.
Green Receivables Fund
Bundles future savings-payment streams from an early-stage portfolio of EE projects and distributes them in tranches to private investors. This is the closest BEE-taxonomy match for the senior/junior structure on Amperis.
Forfaiting / Factoring
Sale of future receivables from one party (the project) to another (the financier) for a one-time discounted payment. The repayment-from-savings assignment in our loan docs is a forfaiting structure — making the receivable composable on-chain is the v0 contribution.
Carbon Finance
Third-party verified emission-reduction payments layered on top of cash savings, leveraging private capital into projects that reduce GHG emissions. UNDERWRITING_POLICY §11 codifies this as a separate accrual on the same meter.
Energy Conservation Bond
Debt instrument sold to investors that pays from the underlying EE project's cash flow. Our share-of-savings token is a tokenized ECB — same instrument shape, made liquid + auditable on-chain.
BEE's UNNATEE report (Bureau of Energy Efficiency · 2019) ranks Energy Savings Insurance (ESI) as the highest-impact instrument for Indian EE financing. Our DSCR-at-P5 covenant approximates that de-risking function statistically; a formal MSME-insurance partnership is on the forward roadmap. The blockchain section of UNNATEE itself does not address EE financing — our application of share-of-savings tokenization is novel work outside the BEE taxonomy.